The article on the Geiger-Muller tube carries a more detailed account of the techniques used to detect photon radiation.
2.
If avalanches start to self-multiply due to UV photons as they do in a Geiger Muller tube, then the counter enters a region of " limited proportionality " until at a higher applied voltage the Geiger discharge mechanism occurs with complete ionisation of the gas enveloping the anode wire and consequent loss of particle energy information.